Ks to Clelia Isca for the worthwhile suggestions for the drafting of this text. Conflicts of Interest: The author has no conflict of interest to declare.
applied sciencesArticleDropwise Condensation Mechanism on Smooth Hydrophilic SurfacesShahab Bayani Ahangar 1 , Kyung-Bon Lee 2, and Chang Kyoung Choi 1, Division of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA; [email protected] Division of Biology Education, College of Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea Correspondence: [email protected] (K.-B.L.); [email protected] (C.K.C.)Featured Application: This function shows ultra-thin film measurements employing surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi), which can assist enable a superior understanding in the mechanism of dropwise condensation. Abstract: The objective of this operate would be to determine the mechanism of dropwise condensation on a smooth solid surface. We investigate the stable dropwise condensation that occurs at a droplet growth rate of 1 /s in diameter on a gold-coated glass surface. Also, we present our Pleconaril Anti-infection observations on unstable dropwise condensation, i.e., degradation of dropwise condensation of steam on a gold surface. Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRi) is employed to evaluate the existence and structure of thin films and occurrence of initial nuclei for the duration of condensation. SPRi strategy applied within this study has lateral resolutions of 40 , thickness resolutions of 0.1 nm, and temporal resolutions of 2000,000 frames per second (FPS). Visualization from the onset of stable dropwise condensation suggests droplets kind at heterogeneous nucleation web-sites and that no film higher than a monolayer exists on the surface before the formation of droplets. Observation on the unstable dropwise condensation of steam shows the existence of water films that happen to be numerous nanometers thick amongst droplets. This operate shows that neither the nucleation theory nor film rupture theory can individually explain the physics of dropwise condensation. Hence, there’s a want to get a a lot more complete theory that may explain the mechanism of dropwise condensation. Key phrases: surface plasmon resonance; thin film; dropwise condensation; monolayer; dropwise condensation mechanism; nucleation; film rupture theory; degradation of dropwise condensationCitation: Bayani Ahangar, S.; Lee, K.-B.; Choi, C.K. Dropwise Condensation Mechanism on Smooth Hydrophilic Surfaces. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 9184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ app11199184 Academic Editor: Agnese Magnani Received: 25 August 2021 Accepted: 28 September 2021 Published: two October1. Introduction Dropwise condensation has the possible to improve efficiency and minimize maintenance fees of heat transfer systems. Nonetheless, efforts to design and style and fabricate surfaces to sustain long-term dropwise condensation have not been thriving [1,2]. The key cause for this lack of achievement is the fact that the physics behind dropwise condensation just isn’t totally understood [3]. At present, there are actually two Alendronic acid In Vivo competing theories around the mechanism of dropwise condensation, particularly, the classical nucleation and film rupture theories [4]. Nucleation theory, initial introduced by Tammann and Boehme in 1935 [5], claims that droplets nucleate heterogeneously on a surface. Then, the droplets grow and coalesce to create bigger droplets. Heat transfer is dominant through the droplets (defined as the active area) as well as the area in between the droplets is viewed as inactive. Umur and Griffith.
