Of Mental Health (Bethesda, Maryland).Experimental stimuli, designs, and tasksRanking experiment. We used 96 colored photos of isolated objects spanning a wide range of categories, including faces and places (subset of stimuli from Kiani et al., 2007). Stimuli were presented using a rapid event-related design (INK1117 supplier stimulus duration: 300 ms, interstimulus interval: 3700 ms) while subjects performed a fixation-cross-color detection task. Stimuli were displayed at fixation on a uniform gray background at a width of 2.9?visual angle. Each of the 96 object images was presented once per run in random order. Each run included 40 randomly interleaved baseline trials where no stimulus was shown. Subjects participated in two sessions of six 9-min runs each. The sessions were acquired on separate days. Localizer experiment. Subjects participated in an independent blockdesign Biotin-VAD-FMKMedChemExpress Biotin-VAD-FMK experiment that was designed to localize regions of interest (ROIs) for the ranking analysis. The block-localizer experiment used the same fMRI sequence as the ranking experiment and a separate set of stimuli. Stimuli were grayscale photos of faces, objects, and places, displayed at a width of 5.7?of visual angle, centered with respect to a fixation cross. The photos were presented in 30 s category blocks (stimulus duration: 700 ms, interstimulus interval: 300 ms), intermixed with 20 s fixation blocks, for a total run time of 8 min. Subjects performed a one-back repetitiondetection task on the images.contiguous face-selective voxels in IT cortex. These clusters were defined at five sizes, ranging from 10 to 300 voxels in each hemisphere. Clusters were obtained by selecting the peak face-selective voxel in the fusiform gyrus, and then growing the region from this seed by an iterative process. During this iterative process, the region is grown one voxel at a time, until an a priori specified number of voxels is selected. The region is grown by repeatedly adding the most face-selective voxel from the voxels that are directly adjacent to the current ROI in 3D space, i.e., from those voxels that are on the “fringe” of the current ROI (the current ROI is equivalent to the seed voxel during the first iteration). This region-growing procedure implies that each ROI is a cluster of spatially contiguous voxels, and that the larger ROIs subsume all voxels included in the smaller ROIs (same seed voxel for all ROI sizes). Face-selectivity was assessed by the contrast faces minus places and objects. The PPA was defined in an identical way but then using the contrast places minus faces and objects, growing the region from the peak place-selective voxel in the parahippocampal cortex in each hemisphere. Analyses were performed in native subject space, but for comparison to previous studies we computed the subject-average Talairach coordinates of the peak category-selective voxels used for seeding our ROIs. The coordinates (x, y, z) and their SD across subjects (in millimeters) are as follows. Left FFA: 37, 48, 13 (4, 5, 6); right FFA: 40, 50, 15 (5, 7, 2); left PPA: 15, 38, 5 (6, 5, 3); and right PPA: 23, 38, 7 (3, 5, 4). These coordinates are in the range expected based on previous literature (Kanwisher et al., 1997; Epstein and Kanwisher, 1998; Grill-Spector et al., 2004). For control analyses, we defined the following two regions. hIT was defined by selecting the most visually responsive voxels within the IT portion of the bilateral cortex mask. It was defined at five sizes as well, ranging from.Of Mental Health (Bethesda, Maryland).Experimental stimuli, designs, and tasksRanking experiment. We used 96 colored photos of isolated objects spanning a wide range of categories, including faces and places (subset of stimuli from Kiani et al., 2007). Stimuli were presented using a rapid event-related design (stimulus duration: 300 ms, interstimulus interval: 3700 ms) while subjects performed a fixation-cross-color detection task. Stimuli were displayed at fixation on a uniform gray background at a width of 2.9?visual angle. Each of the 96 object images was presented once per run in random order. Each run included 40 randomly interleaved baseline trials where no stimulus was shown. Subjects participated in two sessions of six 9-min runs each. The sessions were acquired on separate days. Localizer experiment. Subjects participated in an independent blockdesign experiment that was designed to localize regions of interest (ROIs) for the ranking analysis. The block-localizer experiment used the same fMRI sequence as the ranking experiment and a separate set of stimuli. Stimuli were grayscale photos of faces, objects, and places, displayed at a width of 5.7?of visual angle, centered with respect to a fixation cross. The photos were presented in 30 s category blocks (stimulus duration: 700 ms, interstimulus interval: 300 ms), intermixed with 20 s fixation blocks, for a total run time of 8 min. Subjects performed a one-back repetitiondetection task on the images.contiguous face-selective voxels in IT cortex. These clusters were defined at five sizes, ranging from 10 to 300 voxels in each hemisphere. Clusters were obtained by selecting the peak face-selective voxel in the fusiform gyrus, and then growing the region from this seed by an iterative process. During this iterative process, the region is grown one voxel at a time, until an a priori specified number of voxels is selected. The region is grown by repeatedly adding the most face-selective voxel from the voxels that are directly adjacent to the current ROI in 3D space, i.e., from those voxels that are on the “fringe” of the current ROI (the current ROI is equivalent to the seed voxel during the first iteration). This region-growing procedure implies that each ROI is a cluster of spatially contiguous voxels, and that the larger ROIs subsume all voxels included in the smaller ROIs (same seed voxel for all ROI sizes). Face-selectivity was assessed by the contrast faces minus places and objects. The PPA was defined in an identical way but then using the contrast places minus faces and objects, growing the region from the peak place-selective voxel in the parahippocampal cortex in each hemisphere. Analyses were performed in native subject space, but for comparison to previous studies we computed the subject-average Talairach coordinates of the peak category-selective voxels used for seeding our ROIs. The coordinates (x, y, z) and their SD across subjects (in millimeters) are as follows. Left FFA: 37, 48, 13 (4, 5, 6); right FFA: 40, 50, 15 (5, 7, 2); left PPA: 15, 38, 5 (6, 5, 3); and right PPA: 23, 38, 7 (3, 5, 4). These coordinates are in the range expected based on previous literature (Kanwisher et al., 1997; Epstein and Kanwisher, 1998; Grill-Spector et al., 2004). For control analyses, we defined the following two regions. hIT was defined by selecting the most visually responsive voxels within the IT portion of the bilateral cortex mask. It was defined at five sizes as well, ranging from.
