)0.46 0.Among PWID reporting current IDU (past 30 days) 18 (54.5 ) 73 (46) 1.26 (0.53, 2.98) 1.43b (1.04, 1.95) 0.60 0.Logistic (binary outcomes) or Poisson (number injections) regression models adjusted for the following covariates: age, depression, stigma score, childhood sexual abuse, incarceration, selling sex in the past three months. The associations with current injection drug use (primary), overdose (primary), and needle sharing are expressed as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) [or the relative odds that the event will occur among those reporting sexual Caspase-3 InhibitorMedChemExpress Caspase-3 Inhibitor violence from HS-173 site police vs. those who do not], whereas the association with injection frequency is expressed as incidence rate ratio (IRR) [or the ratio of incidence rates for those reporting sexual violence from police versus those who do not]; bRepresents adjusted IRR from overdispersed Poisson regression model adjusted for the following covariates: age, depression, stigma score, childhood sexual abuse, incarceration, selling sex in the past three months.Lunze K et al. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2016, 19(Suppl 3):20877 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/article/view/20877 | http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.19.4.brought this drug user. His wife came and begged to release him. I said let’s sleep together and I’ll release him. And I got laid.” And this type of stuff happens all the time, not even talking about drug users, this happened to a regular woman. But for female drug users, it’s straightforward. They just say “we’ll write this down, and now you’ll come with us we’ll do this and that. And that’s it.”. [. . .] There’s no question about police sexual violence toward drug users, that’s routine. If they catch a female drug user, she will 100 service them, and then they will return to business. Male PWID #3 While many assumed that women involved in selling sex were at particular risk of sexual violence, others pointed out that women in general and those who use drugs in particular are vulnerable. This CSO representative refers to triple stigma when she explains: Women drug users have no protection. People feel they need to be protected from drug users. Some women are triple stigmatized, because they are drug users, they are female drug users, and they are HIV positive female drug users. Female international expert #3 Another Russian CSO representative reasoned that even though sex workers are more vulnerable, women who inject drugs and are not sex workers are also at risk of sexual violence from police: [Who do you think becomes a victim of sexual violence?] In our city [St. Petersburg] it is mostly sex workers, because they’re exposed fully and they just stand on the streets, and police can pick them up, any time, any day. But, any drug user can become a victim. Like, for example, one woman told me how even before she became a sex worker, she had this interaction with her local police officer who wanted to rape her. So, any kind of vulnerable woman can become a victim. Female CSO staff #4 Women who use drugs and engage in sex work may not view these abuses as “violence,” but as transactional in nature ?trading sex to avoid police harassment. This CSO respondent explained that women who inject drugs and sell sex perceive sexual violence not as violence, but rather as sexual coercion being an “occupational hazard” for those who are known to sell sex: When we were talking to a group of IDU women about this very issue of police violence, the question was basically,.)0.46 0.Among PWID reporting current IDU (past 30 days) 18 (54.5 ) 73 (46) 1.26 (0.53, 2.98) 1.43b (1.04, 1.95) 0.60 0.Logistic (binary outcomes) or Poisson (number injections) regression models adjusted for the following covariates: age, depression, stigma score, childhood sexual abuse, incarceration, selling sex in the past three months. The associations with current injection drug use (primary), overdose (primary), and needle sharing are expressed as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) [or the relative odds that the event will occur among those reporting sexual violence from police vs. those who do not], whereas the association with injection frequency is expressed as incidence rate ratio (IRR) [or the ratio of incidence rates for those reporting sexual violence from police versus those who do not]; bRepresents adjusted IRR from overdispersed Poisson regression model adjusted for the following covariates: age, depression, stigma score, childhood sexual abuse, incarceration, selling sex in the past three months.Lunze K et al. Journal of the International AIDS Society 2016, 19(Suppl 3):20877 http://www.jiasociety.org/index.php/jias/article/view/20877 | http://dx.doi.org/10.7448/IAS.19.4.brought this drug user. His wife came and begged to release him. I said let’s sleep together and I’ll release him. And I got laid.” And this type of stuff happens all the time, not even talking about drug users, this happened to a regular woman. But for female drug users, it’s straightforward. They just say “we’ll write this down, and now you’ll come with us we’ll do this and that. And that’s it.”. [. . .] There’s no question about police sexual violence toward drug users, that’s routine. If they catch a female drug user, she will 100 service them, and then they will return to business. Male PWID #3 While many assumed that women involved in selling sex were at particular risk of sexual violence, others pointed out that women in general and those who use drugs in particular are vulnerable. This CSO representative refers to triple stigma when she explains: Women drug users have no protection. People feel they need to be protected from drug users. Some women are triple stigmatized, because they are drug users, they are female drug users, and they are HIV positive female drug users. Female international expert #3 Another Russian CSO representative reasoned that even though sex workers are more vulnerable, women who inject drugs and are not sex workers are also at risk of sexual violence from police: [Who do you think becomes a victim of sexual violence?] In our city [St. Petersburg] it is mostly sex workers, because they’re exposed fully and they just stand on the streets, and police can pick them up, any time, any day. But, any drug user can become a victim. Like, for example, one woman told me how even before she became a sex worker, she had this interaction with her local police officer who wanted to rape her. So, any kind of vulnerable woman can become a victim. Female CSO staff #4 Women who use drugs and engage in sex work may not view these abuses as “violence,” but as transactional in nature ?trading sex to avoid police harassment. This CSO respondent explained that women who inject drugs and sell sex perceive sexual violence not as violence, but rather as sexual coercion being an “occupational hazard” for those who are known to sell sex: When we were talking to a group of IDU women about this very issue of police violence, the question was basically,.
